What is head and neck cancer?

The Virginia Commonwealth University Department of Otolaryngology (head and neck surgery) participates with Massey Cancer Center in a multi-specialty approach to the treatment of head and neck cancer. In addition to encompassing the full array of surgical and reconstructive options, several organ-preservation protocols are in place.

The department works with five other specialties to individualize and maximize therapy for head and neck tumors. This close collaboration not only improves standard treatment options, but also provides patients access to technologically advanced surgical procedures involving skull-base tumors and utilizing free flap reconstruction. In addition, combined chemoradiation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy have in part been developed at VCU and are widely used treatment options.

Statistics

Head and neck carcinoma accounts for approximately 5.6 percent of all new cancers. The gender ratio is 5:1 male to female but an increasing percentage of women are being affected. This increase is most likely the result of increased cigarette consumption by women.

Overall, the incidence rate of laryngeal carcinoma has declined slightly nationwide to 3.8/100,000 individuals. The incidence rate for Virginia is 4.6/100,000 individuals. Virginia’s highest rates are in Norfolk (8.2/100,000) and Richmond (7.1/100,000). The lowest rate is in Northern Virginia (2.7/100,000).

Typically, head and neck cancer affects individuals between the ages of 50 and 60; although, it does occur at younger ages.